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Carbon nanotubes are the most promising reinforcement for high performance composites. Multiwall carbon nanotubes were directly grown onto the carbon fiber surface by catalytic thermal chemical vapor deposition technique. Multi-scale hybrid composites were fabricated using the carbon nanotubes grown fibers with epoxy matrix. Morphology of the grown carbon nanotubes was investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The fabricated composites were subjected to impact tests which showed 48.7% and 42.2% higher energy absorption in Charpy and Izod impact tests respectively. Fractographic analysis of the impact tested specimens revealed the presence of carbon nanotubes both at the fiber surface and within the matrix which explained the reason for improved energy absorption capability of these composites. Carbon nanotubes presence at various cracks formed during loading provided a direct evidence of micro crack bridging. Thus the enhanced fracture strength of these composites is attributed to stronger fiber–matrix interfacial bonding and simultaneous matrix strengthening due to the grown carbon nanotubes. 相似文献
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针铁矿是分布广泛、储量丰富的铁氧化物,其主要成分为α-羟基氧化铁(α-FeOOH)。为了探究针铁矿在催化H2O2烟气脱硝反应中的性能,本文通过沉淀-水解法制备了α-FeOOH,并在自行搭建的实验台上开展了α-FeOOH催化H2O2的低温烟气脱硝实验研究,深入分析了H2O2流量、H2O2浓度、汽化温度、反应温度和共存气体浓度等工况参数对脱硝性能的影响。采用离子色谱(IC)分析了单独脱硝反应和同时脱硫脱硝反应后的含氧酸成分,结合各项表征分析技术考察了催化剂反应前后的理化特性和稳定性。实验结果显示,随着汽化温度和反应温度的升高,NO的脱除效率先增加后降低;增加H2O2浓度对脱硝效率有明显的促进作用。当汽化温度为140℃、反应温度为160℃时,以2.5mL/h注入10mol/L的H2O2脱硝效率达到80%。当SO2浓度为1000μL/L时,脱硝效率提高至86.4%。离子色谱分析结果显示,单独脱硝反应和同时脱硫脱硝反应后含氧酸产物为HNO3和H2SO4。反应前后催化剂的表征结果显示,α-FeOOH在脱硝反应后依然具有良好的稳定性,显示出针铁矿在低温烟气脱硝工艺中的潜在应用前景。 相似文献
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Tatsuro Tanaka Yoshifumi Maeda Shinji Yamamoto Toru Iwao 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2019,207(1):15-23
The arc welding has been used in various welding methods because it is inexpensive and high in strength after welding. However, it is a problem that accidents such as collapse of the bridge occur because of the welding defects. The welding of low cost and high productivity is required without the welding defects. The pulsed TIG welding is inexpensive and capable of high‐quality welding. The electromagnetic force contributing to penetration changes because the transient response of arc temperature and iron vapor generated from anode occurs. However, the analysis of pulsed TIG welding with metal vapor has been elucidated only metal vapor concentration near anode with transient phenomenon and heat flux. Thus, the theoretical elucidation of penetration depth with control factor has not been researched. In this paper, the contribution of metal vapor mass at the periphery part of pulsed arc to the electromagnetic force in the weld pool is elucidated. As a result, the iron vapor mass at periphery part decreased with increasing the frequency. The iron vapor was stagnated at axial center within one cycle. The electromagnetic force to the penetration depth direction in weld pool increased at axial center. Therefore, the metal vapor mass at periphery part plays an important role for the electromagnetic force increment at axial center. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2019,44(2):587-593
A solid-state photoelectrochemical (SSPEC) cell is an attractive approach for solar water splitting, especially when it comes to monolithic device design. In a SSPEC cell the electrodes distance is minimized, while the use of polymer-based membranes alleviates the need for liquid electrolytes, and at the same time they can separate the anode from the cathode. In this work, we have made and tested, firstly, a SSPEC cell with a Pt/C electrocatalyst as the cathode electrode, under purely gaseous conditions. The anode was supplied with air of 80% relative humidity (RH) and the cathode with argon. Secondly, we replaced the Pt/C cathode with a photocathode consisting of 2D photocatalytic g-C3N4, which was placed in tandem with the photoanode (tandem-SSPEC). The tandem configuration showed a three-fold enhancement in the obtained photovoltage and a steady-state photocurrent density. The mechanism of operation is discussed in view of recent advances in surface proton conduction in absorbed water layers. The presented SSPEC cell is based on earth-abundant materials and provides a way towards systems of artificial photosynthesis, especially for areas where water sources are scarce and electrical grid infrastructure is limited or nonexistent. The only requirements to make hydrogen are humidity and sunlight. 相似文献
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With increasing consumption of natural gas (NG), small NG reservoirs, such as coalbed methane and oil field associated gas, have recently drawn significant attention. Owing to their special characteristics (e.g., scattered distribution and small output), small-scale NG liquefiers are highly required. Similarly, the mixed refrigerant cycle (MRC) is suitable for small-scale liquefaction systems due to its moderate complexity and power consumption. In consideration of the above, this paper reviews the development of mobile miniature NG liquefiers in Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry (TIPC), China. To effectively liquefy the scattered NG and overcome the drawbacks of existing technologies, three main improvements, i.e., low-pressure MRC process driven by oil-lubricated screw compressor, compact cold box with the new designed heat exchangers, and standardized equipment manufacturing and integrated process technology have been made. The development pattern of “rapid cluster application and flexible liquefaction center” has been eventually proposed. The small-scale NG liquefier developed by TIPC has reached a minimum liquefaction power consumption of about 0.35 kW·h/Nm3. It is suitable to exploit small remote gas reserves which can also be used in boil-off gas reliquefaction and distributed peak-shaving of pipe networks. 相似文献
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本文分析了燃气热水器行业针对无回水管水路系统实现零冷水功能的现有技术方案,指出现有技术方案存在的一些缺陷,并结合试验研究,对无回水管水路系统提出了一套全新的实现零冷水功能的技术解决方案。 相似文献
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化学气相沉积钨涂层具有工艺简单、技术成熟度高、涂层综合质量优异等特点,广泛应用于国防、航天、核工业等领域。首先介绍了化学气相沉积钨涂层的原理和特点,重点讨论了化学气相沉积钨涂层的工艺及应用研究现状,包括化学气相沉积钨涂层微观组织控制工艺及在耐辐射、耐磨耐蚀和高温防护领域的应用,同时对新型化学气相沉积钨涂层技术的发展进行了展望。一是改善现有工艺存在的反应气源与反应产物毒性大等问题,满足绿色环保的发展要求;二是改善现有工艺存在的沉积温度高、沉积速率偏低等问题,实现在不同衬底表面的高效、高质量沉积;三是改善现有化学气相沉积钨涂层结构与功能单一等问题,满足构件对钨涂层高性能和多功能的需求。 相似文献
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